מעבדות אנטומיה רשימות מבנים: סמסטר ב׳

רשימת מבנים 3 - קירות הבטן

Anterolateral Abdominal wall

מבנים:

1. Camper’s fascia

2. Scarp’s fascia

3. Linea alba

4. Linea semilunaris/ semilunar line

5. Spermatic cord

6. Round ligament of the uterus

7. Superficial & Deep inguinal ring

8. Ext. spermatic fascia

9. Cremaster m. & fascia

10. Inguinal ligament

11. Conjoint tendon

12. Transversalis fascia

13. Rectus sheath

14. Tendinous intersections

15. Arcuate line

16. Lateral & Medial crus + Intercrural fibers

17. Parietal peritoneum

18. Extra-peritoneal fat

19. Pubic symphysis

20. Iliac crest

21. ASIS (Ant. Sup. Iliac spine)

22. Pubic tubercle

23. Fascia lata

24. Testis & tunica albuginea

25. Epididimis

26. Ductus deferens

27. Falciform ligament

28. Lateral/Middle/Median umbilical fold

שרירים - קירות הבטן

1. External abdominal oblique

2. Internal abdominal oblique

3. Cremaster

4. Transversus abdominis

5. Rectus abdominis

6. Pyramidalis

עצבים - קירות הבטן

1. Anterior & Lat. cutaneous n. Thoracoabdominal nerves→

2. Ilioinguinal n.

3. Iliohypogastric n.

כלי דם - קירות הבטן

1. Inf. epigastric a. & v.

2. Sup. epigastric a. & v.

3. Pampiniform venous plexus

4. Testicular artery

רשימת מבנים 4 - חלל הבטן

Abdominal cavity

Viscera

1. כבד/ Liver

   • Falciform lig.

   • Round lig. of the liver (lig. teres hepatis)

   • Porta hepatis

   • Bare area

   • Rt./Lt./ Caudate/Quadrate lobe

   • Ligamentum venosum

   • Coronary ligament + Rt. & Lt. triangular lig.

2. כיס מרה/ Gallbladder

   • Neck

   • Body

   • Fundus

3. Esophagus

   • Z-line

4. קיבה/ Stomach:

   • Greater/Lesser curvature

   • Cardia

   • Fundus

   • Body

   • Gastric folds (Rugae)

   • Pylorus & Pyloric sphincter

   • Cardiac orifice & zone

5. טחול/Spleen

   • Fibrous capsule

   • Hilum

   • Gustric/Renal/Colic impression

6. מעי דק/ Small intestine

   • תריסריון/Duodenum

     • אמפולה/Cap/Superior, Descending, Horizontal, Ascending

     • Major & minor Duodenal papilla (of veter)

     • Circular folds

   • Jejunum

   • Ileum

   • Duodeno-jejunal junction (flexure)

   • Suspensory muscle of duodenum/lig. of treitz

   • Ileocecal junction

   • Root of the mesentery

   • Circular folds

7. מעי גס/ Large intestine

   • Cecum

   • / Vermiform Appendixתוספתן

   • Ileal orifice

   • Ascending colon

   • Right colic (hepatic) flexure

   • Transvers colon

   • Left colic (splenic) flexure

   • Descending colon

   • Sigmoid colon

   • Rectum

   • Tenia coli (Free, Omental, Mesocolic)

   • Haustra

   • Omental (epiploic) appendices

8. לבלב :

   • Head

   • Neck

   • Body

   • Tail

   • Uncinate process

   • Pancreatic duct

כלי דם - חלל הבטן

1. Celiac trunk ←

   1. Common hepatic a.←

      • ←Hepatic a. proper

        • Rt. gastric a.

        • Cystic a.

        • Rt./Lt. hepatic a.

      • Gastroduodenal a. ←

        • Rt. gastro-omental/epiploic a.

        • Superior pancreaticoduodenal a. (Ant. & Pos.)

   2. Lt. gastric a.

   3. Splenic a.←

      • Lt. gastro-omental/epiploic a.

      • Short gastric a.

      • Dorsal pancreatic a., Greater pancreatic a.

2. Superior mesenteric a.

   1. Intestinal a. ← Arcades, Vasa recta(Venae recta & Arteria recta)

   2. Iliocolic a. ←Cecal a. , Appendicular a.

   3. Rt. colic a.

   4. Middle colic a.

   5. Inf. pancreaticoduodenal a.

3. Inferior Mesenteric a.

   1. Lt. colic a.

   2. Sigmoid a.

   3. Superior rectal a.

4. Marginal a.

5. Superior mesenteric v.

6. Inferior Mesenteric v.

7. Inf. vena cava

8. Hepatic veins

9. Hepatic portal v. →Gastric v. , Sup./Inf. mesenteric v. , Splenic v.

מבנים נוספים - חלל הבטן

1. Parietal peritoneum

2. Greater omentum

3. Lesser omentum

   • Hepatogastric lig.

   • Hepatoduodenal lig.

4. Mesocolon (Transvers/Sigmoid)

5. Mesoappendix

6. Mesentery

7. Omental/epiploic foramen

8. Omental bursa/ lesser sac

9. Splenorenal ligament

10. Bile duct

11. Cystic duct

12. Common hepatic duct → Rt. & Lt. hepatic ducts

13. Diaphragm

14. Hepatorenal recess (Morison’s pouch)

15. Paracolic recesses

רשימת מבנים 5 - דופן בטן אחורית

Posterior abdominal wall

כלי דם - דופן בטן אחורית

1. Testicular a.+ v.← Gonadal vessels Ovarian a. + v.

2. Renal a. + v.

3. Suprarenal v.

4. Inferior phrenic a. → Superior Suprarenal a.

5. Middle Suprarenal a.

6. Inferior Suprarenal a.

7. Abdominal Aorta

8. Common iliac a. & v.

9. External iliac vessels

10. Inferior vena cava

כליות :

1. Perirenal fat

2. Renal fascia

3. Hilum

4. Renal pelvis

5. Calyces – Minor & major

6. Renal pelvic

7. Ureter

8. Renal/ Fibrous capsule

9. Renal cortex

10. Renal medulla – Pyramids & Columns

11. Renal papillae

שרירים - דופן בטן אחורית

1. Psoas major

2. Psoas minor

3. Iliacus

4. Quadratus lumborum

5. Transversus abdominis

6. סרעפת / Diaphragm

   • Esophageal hiatus

   • Caval opening

   • Aortic hiatus

   • Arcuate ligament– Medial & Lateral arcuate lig.

   • Central tendon

   • Rt. & Lt. Crus

עצבים :

1. Genitofemoral n.

2. Subcostal n.

3. Iliohypogastric n.

4. Ilioinguinal n.

5. Lat. cutaneous n. of the thigh

6. Femoral n.

7. Obturator n.

8. Lumbosacral trunk

9. Sympathetic trunk

מבנים נוספים:

1. Suprarenal (adrenal) glands Rt.+Lt.

רשימת מבנים 6 - אגן ופרינאום

pelvic & perineum

Pelvic

שרירים:

1. Obturator internus

2. Levator ani – Puborectalis, Pubococcygeus, Iliococcygeus

3. Coccygeus

4. Piriformis

עצבים:

1. Sacral plexus - Ventral rami S1-3

2. Pudendal

כלי דם:

1. Common iliac a. & v.

   1. Int. iliac a.

      • Umbilical a.

      • Sup. Vesical a.

      • Obturator a.

      • Inf. vesical a. / Uterine a. & Vaginal a.

      • Middle rectal a.

      • Int. pudendal a.

      • Inf. Gluteal a.

      • Sup. Gluteal a.

      • Ilio-lumbar a.

      • Lat. sacral a.

   2. Ext. iliac a.

      • Inf. epigastric a.

      • Deep circumflex iliac a.

מבנים- כללי:

1. Ureter

2. Urinary bladder

   • Trigone

   • Openings of the Urethra

   • Ureteric orifice

   • Detrusor

   • Apex & fundus

3. Rectum

   • Ampulla of rectum

   • Anorectal flexure

   • Anal canal

   • Transverse rectal folds

   • Anal columns

   • External & Internal anal sphincter

4. Tendinous arch of Obturator internus

5. Medial (obliterated) umbilical lig.

זכר:

1. Vas/Ductus deferens

2. Ampulla of ductus deferens

3. Seminal vesicle

4. Prostate

5. Prostatic plexus

נקבה:

1. Uterus – Prostatic, Intermediate, spongy

   • Body

   • Fundus

   • צוואר הרחם Cervix of uterus/

   • Myometrium

2. Vagina

3. Vaginal fornix (Ant./Lat./Pos.)

4. Uterine (fallopian) tube

   • Isthmus

   • Ampulla

   • Infundibulum

   • Fimbriae

5. שחלה/ Ovary

6. Broad lig. of the uterus

   • Mesosalpinx

   • Mesovarium

7. Round lig. of uterus

8. Lig. of the ovary /ovarian ligament

9. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

10. Uterosacral lig.

11. Transverse cervical lig. (lat. Cardinal lig.)

מבנים נוספים:

1. Pubic symphysis

2. Coccyx

3. Retropubic/Prevesical space

4. Rectovesical space

5. Vesicouterine pouch

6. Rectouterine pouch (Douglas)

Perineum

כללי

1. Anus

2. Ischiorectal fossa

3. Pudendal (Alcock’s) canal

4. Superficial (& deep) transvers prineal m.

5. Bulbospongiosus m.

6. Ischiocavernosus m.

זכר

1. Septum of scrotum

2. Scrotal lig.

3. Epididymis

   • Head, Body,Tail

4. Tunica vaginalis & albuginea of testis

5. Bulb of the penis

6. Rt. & Lt. crus of the penis

7. Corpus spongiosum

8. Corpora cavernosa

9. Glans penis

10. External urethral meatus

11. Prepuce

12. Frenulum

13. Superficial & Deep dorsal v. of penis

14. Deep a. of the penis

15. Suspensory lig. of penis

16. Bulburethral gland

17. Dartos fascia

18. Buck’s fascia

19. Coll’s fascia

20. Prostatic urethra

21. Membranous urethra

22. Penile/Spongy urethra

נקבה

1. Mons pubis

2. Labia majora & minora

3. Clitoris

4. Crus of clitoris

5. Vestibule

6. Bulb of the vestibule

7. Glans clitoris

8. Suspensory lig. of clitoris

9. Greater vestibular gland (Bartholin)

10. Compressor urethra m. & Sphincter urethra

רשימת מבנים 7 - גפה תחתונה

Check list 7 – Lower limb

עצמות האגן והירך

Hip bone

• Auricular surface

• Iliac crest

• Ala of ilium\ Iliac fossa

• Pos. superior iliac spine (PSIS)

• Pos. Inferior iliac spine (PIIS)

• Ant. superior iliac spine (ASIS)

• Ant. inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

• Arcuate line

• Pos./ant./ inf. Gluteal lines

• Lesser sciatic notch

• Greater sciatic notch

• Obturator foramen

• Ischial tuberosity

• Ischial ramus

• Ischial spine

• Symphyseal surface

• Pubic tubercle

• Sup. & Inf. Pubic ramus

• Acetabulum

• Pectineal line

Femur

• Head

• Neck

• Fovea

• Greater trochanter

• Lesser trochanter

• Intertrochanteric line

• Intertrochanteric crest

• Gluteal tuberosity

• Linea aspera

• Lat. & med. Condyle

• Adductor tubercle

• Epicondyle

• Intercondylar fossa

• Patellar surface

• Popliteal surface

עצמות השוק וכף הרגל

Tibia

• Intercondylar eminence

• Sup. Articular surfaces

• Condyles

• Ant. & Pos. intercondylar area

• Gerdy’s tubercle

• Tibial tuberosity

• Interosseous border

• Groove for semimembranosus

• Soleal line

• Medial malleolus

Fibula

• Neck

• Apex

• Lateral malleolus

Talus

• Lateral & Medial tubercle

• Trochlea

• Head

• Sulcus tali

Calcaneus

• Tuberosity (tuber calcaneus)

• Medial + lateral process

• Sustentaculum Tali

• Fibular trochlea

Navicular

• Tuberosity

Cuboid

• Groove for fibularis longus

More Feet Bones

Cuneiform bones

Metatarsal bone – Base, head, body

Phalanges- Praximal, middle, Distal

שרירי אזור האגן והירך

1. Gluteus maximus m.

2. Gluteus medius m.

3. Gluteus minimus m.

4. Semitendinosus m.

5. Semimembranosus m.

6. Biceps femoris m. (Long & Short head )

7. Tensor fascia lata m.

8. Piriformis m.

9. Gemellus superior m.

10. Obturator internus m.

11. Gemellus inferior m.

12. Quadratus femoris m.

13. Iliopsoas m.

14. Tensor fascia lata m.

15. Sartorius m.

16. Pectineus m.

17. Adductor longus m.

18. Adductor brevis m.

19. Adductor magnus m

20. Obturator externus m.

21. Gracilis m.

22. Quadricapes m. ( Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)

23. Articularis genus

שרירי אזור השוק וכף הרגל

1. Tibialis anterior

2. Extensor hallucis longus

3. Extensor digitorum longus

4. Fibularis tertius

5. Fibularis longus

6. Fibularis brevis

7. (ראש מדיאלי ולטרלי) Gastrocnemius

8. Soleus

9. Popliteus

10. Plantaris

11. Tibialis posterior

12. Flexor hallucis longus

13. Flexor digitorum longus

14. בצד דורסלי של כף הרגל :

    1. Extensor digitorum brevis

    2. Extensor hallucis brevis

    3. Dorsal interossei

15. שרירים אינטרינסים צד פלנטרי כף רגל:

    1. Abductor hallucis

    2. Flexor digitorum brevis

    3. Abductor digiti minimi

    4. Quadratus plantar

    5. Lumbricals

    6. (lateral & medial head) Flexor hallucis brevis

    7. Flexor digiti minimi brevis

    8. Adductor hallucis (oblique & transverse head)

    9. Plantar & dorsal interossei

עצבים

1. Superior gluteal n.

2. Inferior gluteal n.

3. (ונקודת ההתפצלות שלו Tibial & Common fibular n. ) Sciatic nerve

4. Tibial n.

5. Common fibular n.

6. posterior femoral cutaneous n. / Pos. cutaneous n. of thigh

7. Femoral n.

8. Anterior femoral cutaneous nerve of thigh

9. Saphenous n.

10. Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

11. Obturator n.

12. Nerve to vastus medialis

13. Sural n.

14. Deep fibular n.

15. Superficial fibular/peroneal n.

16. Medial plantar n.

17. Lateral plantar n.

כלי דם

1. Superior & Inferior gluteal arteries

2. Femoral artery & vein

3. Deep /Profunda femoral artery

4. Lateral circumflex femoral artery

5. Medial circumflex femoral artery

6. Great saphenous vein

7. Perforating branches of deep artery of thigh

8. Popliteal artery & vein

9. Lat. & Med. (Sup. & Inf.) genicular a.

10. Posterior tibial artery

11. Fibular (peroneal) artery

12. Small saphenous vein

13. Anterior tibial artery

14. Dorsalis pedis artery

15. Medial plantar artery

16. Lateral plantar artery

מבנים נוספים

1. Iliotibial tract/ band + Fascia lata

2. Sacrotuberous ligament

3. Sacrospinous ligament

4. Inguinal ligament

5. Saphenous opening/ Fossa ovalis

6. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

7. Femoral sheath & Femoral canal

8. Femoral triangle

9. Quadriceps tendon & Patellar lig.

10. Lat. intermuscular septum

11. Adductor canal & Adductor hiatus

12. Pes Anserine

13. Achilles/Calcaneal tendon

14. Crural fascia

15. Superior + inferior extensor retinaculum

16. Superior + inferior fibular retinaculum

17. Flexor retinaculum

18. Extensor expansion

19. Interosseous membrane

20. Anterior talofibular ligament

21. Calcaneofibular ligament

22. Plantar aponeurosis

23. Calcaneal fat pad

24. Peroneus longus tendon

25. Tibialis posterior tendon

26. Long plantar lig.

27. Plantar calcaneonavicular ( spring) lig.

מפרק הירך

1. Teres ligament

2. Acetabular labrum

3. Transvers acetabular lig.

4. Capsula of hip joint

5. Y ligament

מפרק הברך

1. Patellar ligament

2. Medial + Lateral retinaculum

3. MCL

4. LCL

5. ACL

6. PCL

7. Medial + Lateral meniscus

8. Transverse meniscal lig

9. Infrapatellar fat pad

10. Infrapatellar synovial fold

11. Suprapatellar bursa

רשימת מבנים 8 - גב

עצמות

1. חוליה –

   • Body

   • Spinous process

   • Transverse process

   • Transverse costal facet

   • Pedicle

   • Lamina

   • Costal facet (Inferior/ Superior)

   • Sup. & inf. Articular processes & facet

   • Vertebral foramen

   • Foramen transversarium

   • Vertebral notch & Intervertebral foramina

   • Uncinate process(בחוליות צוואר)

   • Atlas & Axis

     • Dens

     • Anterior & posterior arch of C1

     • Groove for vertebral a.

     • Articular facet for dens

2. Sacrum

   • Sacral promontory

   • Ala of sacrum

   • Median/Medial/Lateral sacral crest

   • Superior articular processes & Facet

   • Auricular surface

   • Sacral hiatus

   • Sacral canal

   • Pos. & Ant. Sacral foramina

3. Coccyx

שרירים - גב

1. Trapezius

2. Rhomboid major /minor

3. Levator scapulae

4. Latissimus dorsi

5. Serratus posterior Inferior

6. Serratus posterior Superior

7. Splenius (cervicis & cpitis)

8. Semispinalis capitis

9. Erector spine

   1. Spinalis

   2. Longissimus

   3. Iliocostalis

10. Multifidus

11. Rotators (Brevis & Longus)

12. Levator costarum (Brevis & Longus)

13. Obliquus capitis inferior

14. Obliquus capitis superior

15. Rectus capitis Major

16. Rectus capitis Minor

עצבים - גב

1. Accessory n.

2. Suboccipital n.

3. Dorsal root ganglia

4. Dorsal ramus of spinal n.

5. Rootlets

6. Grey & White rami communicantes

כלי דם - גב

1. Vertebral a.

2. Pos. & Ant. Spinal a.

3. Internal venous plexus

מבנים נוספים - גב

1. Thoracolumbar fascia

2. Triangle of auscultation

3. Lumbar triangle

4. Ligamentum flavum

5. Dura mater

6. Sub arachnoid space

7. Pia mater

8. Conus medullaris

9. Cauda equina

10. Filum terminalis

11. Pos. & Ant longitudinal lig.

רשימת מבנים 9 - צוואר

שרירים - צוואר

1. Platysma

2. Trapezius

3. Sternocleidomastoid

4. Levator scapulae

5. Scalenus ant./medius/pos.

6. Omo-hyoid - Sup. & Inf. Belly

7. Sternohyoid

8. Sternothyroid

9. Thyrohyoid

10. Pos. & Ant. belly Digastric -

11. Mylohyoid

12. Stylohyoid

13. Cricothyroid

כלי דם - צוואר

1. External jugular v.

2. Anterior jugular v.

3. Int. jugular v.

4. Common carotid a.

5. Int. carotid a.

6. Ext. carotid a.

   • Sup. thyroid a.

   • Sup. laryngeal a.

   • Lingual a.

   • Facial a.

   • Ascending pharyngeal a.

   • Occipital a.

   • Pos. auricular a.

7. Common facial trunk

עצבים - צוואר

1. Cervical plexus:

   • Lesser occipital

   • Great auricular

   • Transverse cervical

   • Supraclavicular nerves

   • Ansa cervicalis (Sup. Root & Inf. root)

2. Accessory

3. Phrenic

4. Sympathetic trunk & cervical ganglia

5. Hypoglossal

6. Vagus

מבנים נוספים - צוואר

1. Pre-vertebral fascia

2. Investing fascia

3. Hyoid bone

4. Thyroid cartilage & Laryngeal prominence

5. Thyroid gland

   • Isthmus

   • Rt. & Lt. lobe

6. Cricoid cartilage

7. Cricothyroid lig.

8. Thyrohyoid membrane

9. Carotid sheath

10. Carotid sinus

11. Tracheal cartilage

12. Intermediate di-gastric tendon

13. Intermediate Omo-hyoid tendon

14. Submandibular gland

רשימת מבנים 10 - פנים ואזור טמפורלי

שרירים - פנים ואזור טמפורלי

1. Platysma

2. Occipitofrontalis- Frontalis & Occipitalis

3. Orbicularis oculi

4. Orbicularis oris

5. Levator labii superioris

6. Levator anguli oris

7. Zygomaticus major & minor

8. Depressor anguli oris

9. Depressor labii inferioris

10. Mentalis

11. Masseter

12. Buccinator

13. Temporalis

14. Lat. & med. pterygoid

עצבים - פנים ואזור טמפורלי

1. Mental n.

2. Infra-orbital n.

3. Supra-orbital n.

4. Facial :

   • Temporal

   • Zygomatic

   • Buccal

   • Marginal mandibular

   • Cervical

5. Inf. Alveolar n.

6. Mylohyoid n.

7. Lingual n.

8. Buccal n.

9. Chorda tympani n.

כלי דם - פנים ואזור טמפורלי

1. Facial a. & v.

2. Superficial temporal a. & v.

3. Maxillary a. & v.

   • Deep temporal a.

   • Inf. alveolar a. & v.

   • Middle meningeal a.

4. Central retinal a.

מבנים נוספים - פנים ואזור טמפורלי

1. Galea aponeurotica

2. Parotid gland

3. Parotid duct

4. Temporal fascia

5. TMJ (כולל הדיסק הארטיקורי)

6. Stylomandibular lig.

7. Sphenomandybular lig.

עצמות - מנדיבולה / Mandibule

1. Coronoid process

2. Head of mandible / Condyar process

3. Mandibular notch

4. Ramus of mandible

5. Body of mandible

6. Mental foramen

7. Lingula

8. Mandibular foramen

9. Angle of mandible/ Gonial angle

10. Mylohyoid groove

רשימת מבנים 11 - תחנות ראש צוואר

האזור האורביטלי

שרירים - אזור אורביטלי

1. Levator papepbrae superioris

2. Sup. rectus

3. Sup. oblique

4. Lat. rectus

5. Med. rectus

6. Inf. oblique

7. Inf. rectus

עצבים - אזור אורביטלי

1. Lacrimal

2. Trochlear

3. Frontal

4. Abducent n. (VI)

5. Oculomotor (III)

6. Optic n.

כלי דם - אזור אורביטלי

1. Ophthalmic a.

2. Int. carotid a.

3. Ophthalmic v.

4. Central artery of the retina

מבנים נוספים - אזור אורביטלי

1. Periorbita

2. Lacrimal gland + Lacrimal sac

3. Trochlea (pulley) of Sup. Oblique m.

4. Anulus tendineus / Common tendinous ring (of zinn)

5. Ethmoidal cells

6. עין:

   • Cornea

   • Sclera

   • Iris

   • Lens

   • Choroid

   • Retina

   • Anterior & posterior chamber

   • Vitreous chamber

Larynx

1. Thyroid cartilage

   • Lamina

   • Laryngeal prominence

   • Sup. & Inf. horn

2. Cricoid cartilage

3. Arytenoid cartilages

   • Vocal processes & muscular processes

4. Epiglottic cartilage

5. Vocal lig.

6. Vestibular & Vocal folds

7. Ventricle

8. Crico-thyroid lig.

9. Quadrangular membrane/Aryepiglottic fold

10. Conus elasticus

11. Thyrohyoid membrane

12. שרירי ה־Larynx:

    • Cricothyroid m.

    • Pos. cricoarytenoids m.

    • Lat. cricoarytenoids m.

    • Transverse & Oblique arytenoids m.

    • Thyroaritenoid m.

    • Vocalis m.

13. Recurrent laryngeal n.

14. Superior laryngeal n. (External & Internal Br.)

Pharynx & Nasal cavity ובסיס לשון

1. Nasopharynx

2. Oropharynx

3. Laryngopharynx

4. Constrictor mm.

5. Concha (Sup./Mid./Inf.)

6. Meatus (Sup./Mid./Inf.)

7. Nasal septum

8. Aoditory tube/Eustachian tube

9. Torus tubarius

10. Salpingopharyngeal fold

11. סינוסים: Frontal, Maxillary, Sphenoidal

12. Palate (Soft & Hard)

13. Uvula

14. Vallecula

15. Piriform recess

16. Palatine tonsil

17. Pharyngeal tonsil

18. Lingual tonsil

19. Palatopharyngeal arch

20. Palatoglossal arch

21. Levator vali palatini (מכוסה במוקוזה)

בסיס לשון

1. Mylohyoid

2. Geniohyoid

3. Hyoglossus

4. Genioglossus

5. Sub-lingual gland & Duct

6. Hypoglossal n.

7. Lingual a.& v.

8. Frenulum

עצבים קרניאלים וגולגולת**

עצבים קרניאלים

1. Olfactory

2. Optic

3. Oculomotor

4. Trochlear

5. Trigeminal

   • Ophthalmic

   • Maxillary

   • Mandibular

6. Abducent

7. Facial

8. Vestibulocochlear

9. Glossopharyngeal

10. Vagus

11. Accessory

12. Hypoglossal

מבנים נוספים - גולגולת

1. Cribriform plate

2. Optic chiasm

3. Optic canal

4. Sup. orbital fissure

5. Trigeminal ganglion

6. Foramen rotundum

7. Foramen ovale

8. Carotid canal

9. Internal acoustic meatus

10. Jugular foramen

11. Hypoglossal canal

12. Foramen magnum

13. Cavernous sinus

14. Dura mater

15. Flex cerebri

16. Tentorium cerebelli

17. Sella turcica

18. Hypophysis

בסיס צוואר ואוזן

שרירים - בסיס צוואר ואוזן

1. Longus colli

2. Scalenus ant./medius/pos.

3. Omo-hyoid - Inf. Belly

כלי דם - בסיס צוואר ואוזן

1. Subclavian a. & v.

2. Vertebral a.

3. Internal thoracic a.

4. Thyrocervical trunk

   • Transvers cervical a.

   • Suprascapular a.

   • Inf. thyroid a.

5. Dorsal scapular a.

עצבים - בסיס צוואר ואוזן

1. Accessory

2. Phrenic

3. Trunks of the brachial plexus

אוזן

1. Auricle:

   • Helix

   • Tragus

2. Tympanic membrane

3. Malleus

4. Incus

5. Stapes

6. Oval widow

7. Tympanic cavity

8. Tensor tympani m.

9. Peramidal eminence & stapedius m.

10. Semicircular canals (Ant./Lat./Pos.) & Ampullae

11. Vestibule

12. Cochlea

גולגולת

עצמות כללי:

1. Frontal bone

2. Parietal bone

3. Occipital bone

4. Temporal bone

5. Sphenoid bone

6. Zygomatic bone

7. Maxilla bone

8. Nasal bone

9. Lacrimal bone

10. Ethmoid bone

11. Palatine bone

12. Vomer

Sutures

1. Sagittal

2. Coronal

3. Lambdoid

4. Bregma

5. Lambda

פירוט מבנים על פי סוג העצם

1. Frontal bone

   1. Supraorbital foramen

   2. Orbital surface

   3. Glabella

   4. Frontal sinus

2. Occipital bone

   1. Occipital condyle

   2. Foramen magnum

   3. Sup. & Inf. nuchal line

   4. External occipital protuberance

   5. Hypoglossal canal

3. Temporal bone

   1. Squama

   2. Zygomatic process

   3. External acoustic meatus

   4. Petrus part

   5. Internal acoustic meatus

   6. Carotid canal

   7. Jugular fossa & foramen

   8. Mastoid process

   9. Mandibular fossa

   10. Styloid process

   11. Articular tubercle

   12. Stylomastoid foramen

4. Sphenoid bone

   1. Greater wing

   2. Lesser wing

   3. Body

   4. Optic canal

   5. Sup. orbital fissure

   6. Sella turcica

      1. Hypophyseal fossa

      2. Tuberculum & Dorsum sellae

   7. Ant. & Pos clinoid process

   8. Med. & Lat. plate of pterygoid plate

   9. Foramen ovale

   10. Foramen spinosum

   11. Foramen lacerum

   12. Foramen rotundum

   13. Sphenoid sinus

5. Zygomatic bone

   1. Frontal process

   2. Temporal process

   3. Orbital surface

6. Maxilla bone

   1. Alveolar process

   2. Infraorbital foramen

   3. Orbital surface

7. Ethmoid bone

   1. Cribriform plate

   2. Crista galli

   3. Sup. & Middle nasal concha

מבנים נוספים - מעבדת גולגולת

1. Inf. orbital fissure

2. Ant./Middle/Pos. cranial fossa

3. Inferior nasal concha

4. Pterion